VEGFA and Parkinson disease: Despite the differences between various neurodegenerative diseases in terms of risk factors, brain regions affected, and symptoms, several common cerebrovascular changes are observed [136]: (I) BBB dysfunction; (II) cerebral hypoperfusion and glucose hypometabolism; (III) dysregulation of VEGF, either overexpressed (as seen in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases) or underexpressed (as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS), affecting blood vessel formation and maintenance.