This provides another mechanism by which loss of FRMD3 expression could contribute to the development of kidney disease, either through the interactions with junctional proteins and associated cytoskeletal proteins or through the direct interactions with Rho/Rac signaling pathway members as described in this study, which mediate the arrangement of the cytoskeleton in various kidney cell types contributing to proper barrier function of the kidney which are subsequently altered in disease.55,56. This evidence concerns the gene FRMD3 and kidney disorder.