APEX1 and neoplasm: Furthermore, we observed a down-regulation of genes such as LRRC8E, DNAL1, SLC39A1, MAFF, COL8A1, APEX1, NRIP1, GUCD1, UBE2E3, and LTBP3 in KBU2046-treated MDA-MB-231 cells, all of which are known to be associated with TGF-β1 activity [12], molecular motor function [17], the tumor microenvironment [18], proinflammatory cytokines and transcription factors [19], and cellular homeostasis [20] (Fig. 3E).