TF and neoplasm: Fewer and less branched sugars, including the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), also known as Thomsen Nouveau (Tn, CD175), sialyl Tn (CD175s), Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF, CD176, T antigen), and sialyl-TF, reveal the normally masked MUC1 peptide backbone and aberrant glycoepitopes, to which both cellular and humoral immune responses can be generated [9].