When released into systemic circulation, SCFAs have effects on the juxtaglomerular apparatus, reducing renin release, subsequently leading to reduction in BP.19 SCFAs also modulate cell signal transduction processes using G-protein coupled receptors and may be involved in the regulation of immune function, as well as the autophagy pathway.20, , , –24 Alterations in microbiome and administration of SCFAs have been shown to mitigate severity of inflammation and AKI in mouse models of kidney injury.23,25. The gene discussed is REN; the disease is acute kidney injury.