The results showed that knockdown of LSR significantly enhanced virus infection and Spike protein-mediated syncytium formation, while overexpression of LSR resulted in a significant decrease in syncytia formation following VSV-SARS-CoV-2 infection in both the Caco-2 (Fig. 8B) and hACE2-HIEC-6 cells (Fig. 8C). This evidence concerns the gene LSR and viral infectious disease.