MOG and antiphospholipid syndrome: These include immune-mediated, vascular-thrombotic (as in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome; APLS), toxic-metabolic related to medications or end-organ failure, and other pathologies.19 In recent years, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG–associated disease (MOGAD) has also emerged as a distinct autoimmune CNS demyelinating condition that can mimic NMOSD.