TGFB1 and cancer: Plasma fibrinogen, which is well-known as a coagulation-related protein, is also considered to be involved in the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration and metastasis of tumor cells by directly binding to members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) families 33, thus regulating the inflammatory status and cancer progression 34.