NFKB1 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: In summary, Chen et al. (2021) suggested that the activation of NF-κB is a key component in the development of LPS-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and that the inhibition of NF-κB activation by propionate treatment in HPMECs is associated with a reduction in proinflammatory factors that are known to be detrimental to the pulmonary health of preterm infants.