INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: While studies suggest that pancreatic fat is not causally linked to the risk of type 2 diabetes (10) and does not affect insulin secretion in people with normal glucose tolerance (11), it is noted that pancreatic fat levels are elevated in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (10, 29), and there is an inverse relationship between pancreatic fat and insulin secretion capability in those with impaired fasting glucose or glucose tolerance (11) and in people with type 2 diabetes (30).