were the first to show that TNF-β/TNF-β-receptor signaling regulates rectal cancer cell proliferation (Buhrmann et al., 2019b), with RSV down-regulating this inflammatory response and modulating NF-κB and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to control rectal tumor cell growth (Buhrmann et al., 2019a), proliferation, and invasion. Here, LTA is linked to rectal cancer.