Like hubs 4 (CD) and 3 (UC) in IBD, genes in multiple GEPs across cell compartments in RA hub 2 (pM13, pS10, pT22), specifically indicated IFN-response, and B cell activation and proliferation (for example TNFSF13B) (Fig. 6c). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.