PDCD1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: The phase 3 CONTINUUM trial was the first to show that adding anti-programmed cell death 1 (aPD1) treatment to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) improves event-free survival (EFS) in locoregionally advanced NPC.10 Leveraging the benefits of a randomized setting, the CONTINUUM trial ensured rigorous sample collection, providing a high-quality dataset that included sequential PBMC samples and baseline primary tumor tissue samples for comprehensive biomarker analysis.