Similar studies of SGLT2Is versus GLP-1 RAs and insulin versus DPP-4Is have found that SGLT2Is are associated with a lower risk of incident HF compared to GLP-1 RAs, and DPP-4Is have a significantly lower risk of CVD events than insulin in both a cohort without CVD and the general population (matched on propensity scores [PSs]) [11, 12]. This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and hydrops fetalis.