MAPK3 and breast cancer: The functions of increased lactate include enhancing BC cell motility and the phosphorylation level of extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), endowing Tamoxifen resistance to BC cells via EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling, reducing intracellular E-cadherin expression, and inducing M2-like TAM polarization via the HIF-1α/STAT3 pathway [209, 210].