TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a CNS neurodegenerative condition primarily caused by mutations in the TARDBP gene, leading to the destruction of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) and aggregation in motor neurons, which presents as a motor neuron dysfunction and leads to progressive weakness of voluntary muscles involved in limb movement, difficulty in swallowing, speaking, and respiratory function, along with cognitive changes like poor working memory, lack of interest, irritability, abnormal eating behavior, and altered language fluency[79].