While TGF-β1 decreases basal OCR in mink lung epithelial cells (Yoon et al., 2005), breast cancer cells (Lee et al., 2016), and activated human effector memory CD4+ T cells (Dimeloe et al., 2019), it increases basal and maximal OCR in mouse podocytes (Abe et al., 2013) and human fibroblasts (Selvarajah et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and breast carcinoma.