Moreover, TGF-β1 inhibits lactate production in murine thymic Treg cells (Chen et al., 2020), and decreases basal and maximal ECAR in thymic Treg cells (Priyadharshini et al., 2018) and several hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Soukupova et al., 2017, 2021). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.