The results of MetS and MUO on promoting the development of cancer can be explained by several plausible pathophysiological mechanisms: Firstly, they possess numerous shared risk elements, such as advanced age, obesity, lack of physical activity, an unhealthful diet, disruption of the biological clock, oxidative stress, air pollution, and damage resulting from exposure to substances that interfere with the endocrine system [31, 32]. Here, CLOCK is linked to cancer.