ERCC1 plays a fundamental role in DNA repair, and over 100 polymorphisms have been identified in the ERCC1 gene that can influence the structure and function of the encoded protein.19 In this case-control study, the rs11615-related TT genotype and the s3212986-related AA genotype of the ERCC1 gene were associated with a higher risk of lung cancer development in Iranian patients, with advanced NSCLC cases who have been treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. The gene discussed is ERCC1; the disease is lung carcinoma.