Collectively, these results demonstrate that CP preferentially increased the expression of DBP in hippocampal microglia, which was followed by activation of resting microglia and increased secretion of multiple inflammatory factors, and then resulted in synapse loss and neurogenesis impairment in the hippocampus, subsequently mediating the anxiety‐ and depression‐like behaviors and memory deficit in mice (Figure 7). Here, DBP is linked to major depressive disorder.