We analyzed such TCRs specific to CD-related antigens (gliadin) and T1D-related antigens (mainly Glutamic decarboxylase 65, GAD65) from McPAS-TCR database38 (Supplementary Data 6) and observed disease-associated gdRFUs were more likely to be antigen-specific, as measured by higher z-score (one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$P < 0.05$$\end{document}P<0.05; Fig. 3d, f). This evidence concerns the gene GAD2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.