TBXT and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: During NAFLD, High BCAA intervention significantly activated antioxidant oxidases GSH-Px, T-AOC, and T-GSH in liver and serum GSH, T-GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio and total amino acid (Figs. S11I–AB), while accompanied by elevated hepatic MDA (Fig. S11M), which can be explained by enhanced hepatic lipolysis.