Finally, High BCAA activates mitochondrial/peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation by activating PPAR-RXR and pexophagy to ameliorate hepatic steatosis and metabolic disorders, suggesting intake of dietary High BCAA as a new strategy to treat and prevent NAFLD and FLHS. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.