By comparing the activated TPH frequency, as well as the activated (PD1+CD38+) CD8 T cell frequency, between groups of patients with active AIH, patients in remission and a control group of NASH patients, with liver inflammation, without autoimmunity, we demonstrate that these subsets are associated with the activity of the disease in a wider cohort of patients. Here, TPH1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.