Notably, the high levels of dsRNA in neurons described above (82) might serve as the molecular trigger for chronic PKR (protein kinase R) activation and type 1 interferon induction observed in studies of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (94–96). The gene discussed is EIF2AK2; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.