Significant differences were observed between the groups with and without NVG; specifically, the duration of T2DM, urea levels, creatinine levels, and VEGF levels were significantly higher in the NVG group (p=0.037, p=0.022, p=0.013, p=0.011, respectively) (Table 2). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.