GCG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In the past decade, the primary medicines used for the treatment of type II diabetes included sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, α-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, etc. [7-11].