Predominantly located in the peritumoral area, mature TLS display T-cell activation signals, plasma cell expansion, and CXCL13 expression.594 In melanoma, IKZF1 has been recognized as a key player in the formation of immature TLS, significantly impeding TLS maturation without affecting melanoma cell proliferation.595 Notably, CD8+ T cells exhibit distinct functionalities based on their origin from either the inflammatory environment or the tumor itself. Here, CD8A is linked to melanoma.