CXCL1 and neoplasm: Abolishing CXCL1 in tumor cells could improve the migration of CD8+ T lymphocytes, thereby boosting the effectiveness of ICB and effectively managing tumor progression.71 Various intrinsic factors in tumors, such as PTEN loss combined with PI3K pathway activation in tumors, can obstruct T cell infiltration.72,73 Overall, the components within the tumor microenvironment (TME) regulate the movement and infiltration of anti-tumor T cells through intricate processes, leading to immune evasion and the development of “cold” tumors.