ENPP1 and neoplasm: This has led to the development of strategies to reactivate natural cGAS-STING signaling in tumor cells, such as introducing mRNA encoding STING or utilizing pharmaceutical agents to antagonize epigenetic suppression mechanisms to enhance cancer cell immunogenic properties.197 Another strategy to boost STING activation in the tumor microenvironment is by inhibiting ENPP1, an enzyme that degrades extracellular cGAMP.198 Initial studies have indicated that genetic knockout or pharmacological inhibition of ENPP1 increases tumor immunogenicity.