Sub-analyses of serum creatinine (one study only), albumin and serum cystatin-C (1SO) levels showed a positive significant change over time in favour of the intervention group for resistance training, intervention duration greater than 12 weeks but less than or equal to 6 months, supervised exercise sessions, and the sub-group CKD 2, 1–3, when compared to the control group (Online Resource 6, Supplemental Table 6). The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is chronic kidney disease.