However, some brains with widespread/severe Aβ deposition (in cortex, brainstem and cerebellum) have none, or quite mild, tau pathology (Braak NFT stages 0–II).5,6 These intriguing ‘mis-match’ Aβ+/tau− cases, which we term amyloid-predominant ADNC (AP-ADNC), have implications about clinical management and disease (and disease-resistance) mechanisms and are the focal point of this article. Here, MAPT is linked to amyloidosis.