IL4 and Hyperkeratosis: After ISO-1 treatment, the mice displayed milder redness, swelling and eruption, improved hyperkeratosis in epidermis and inflammatory cells infiltration in dermis, decreased number of scratching bouts (Figures 4H–J), associated with the decreases of the type 2 related cytokine mRNAs, including IL-4, IL-13 and TSLP mRNAs by RT-PCR (Figure 4K), and the decrease of CD163+ M2 macrophage infiltration by immunofluorescence (Figures 4L, M) in the neck skin of HDM-WT mice.