EPO and myelodysplastic syndrome: Luspatercept was approved in 2022 by the European Medicines Agency for treating anemic low-risk MDS patients with ring sideroblasts (MDS-RS-MLD, MDS-RS-SLD, and RARS-T according to the 2016 WHO classification) with transfusion dependence who are unresponsive or unsuitable for erythropoietin therapy.