Intracerebroventricular injection of NEP1‐40, the Nogo‐A extracellular peptide comprising the first 40 amino acids of Nogo‐66, by competitively binding to NgR1, attenuated NgR1 signaling and halted the downstream cascade, reinstated actin dynamics and postsynaptic AMPARs delivery, and ameliorated anxiety‐like behavior and hippocampus‐dependent contextual fear memory impairments. Here, RTN4 is linked to Anxiety.