RTN4R and Anxiety: Our findings indicate that upregulated hippocampal Nogo66‐NgR1 signaling disrupts F‐/G‐actin equilibrium via activating RhoA‐GTPase, which leads to restrained postsynaptic AMPARs delivery, culminating in anxiety‐like behavior, and hippocampus‐dependent contextual fear memory impairments in aged mice after anesthesia and surgery.