The before quoted longitudinal Italian study from Grimaudo and colleagues provided evidence that the PNPLA3 rs738409 C > G variant is a risk factor for the occurrence of HCC, by increasing the risk of 2.5 times also after adjusting for clinical and metabolic risk factors as well as for baseline liver disease severity [73]. The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.