TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), one of many pro-inflammatory cytokines produced inperiodontitis could be a crucial inflammatory cytokine encouraging obesity.[19] Therefore,dentists should be aware that overweight and obese periodontal patients should maintain good oral hygiene practices, as periodontitiscan be considered as one of the causal factors of obesity.