These models have shown that activated microglia, NLRP3, and increased proinflammatory cytokines (Zhao et al., 2007; Bournival et al., 2012; Sanchez-Guajardo et al., 2013; Yao et al., 2019) as well as increased oxidative stress (Hare et al., 2013; Mustapha and Mat Taib, 2021), all of which lead to neurodegeneration in PD. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is Parkinson disease.