Functionally, HIFAL recruits PHD3 to PKM2, causing its prolyl hydroxylation and facilitating the entry of the PKM2/PHD3 complex into the nucleus by interacting with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) F. This promotes HIF-1α transactivation, glucose absorption, and lactate generation in BC cells (150). The gene discussed is PKM; the disease is breast cancer.