PKM and breast cancer: Previous studies have focused primarily on HIF-1α as a transcription factor that increases the expression of various glycolysis-related genes, such as glucose transporters (GLUT-1 and GLUT3) and enzymes involved in glycolytic pathways [lactate dehydrogenase A, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, hexokinase 2 (HK2), and PKM2], to promote BC glycolysis and consequently affect the proliferation of BC cells (36).