Methods: The concentrations of podocalyxin (PDX) and nephrin, chronic markers of podocyte damage, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a marker of acute glomerular damage, were analyzed in the morning urine samples of 50 PCOS patients and 50 healthy controls matched by age and BMI. This evidence concerns the gene PODXL and polycystic ovary syndrome.