TNF and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: In the microenvironment associated with MRONJ, periodontitis, and other bone diseases, bone tissue is subjected to oxidative stress, endotoxemia, and the release of numerous growth factors and inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, which are detectable in both human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva [107,108,109].