Since our novel cDCV was shown to be superior to a MoDCV in anti-tumor activity, particularly in inducing T-cell activation and the infiltration of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells [14], our prior findings support the concept of investigating the potential of a DC vaccine derived from CD103+cDC1 cells for activity against established OS lung metastases, which is the area of need in OS as 90% of newly diagnosed patients have micro-metastases in the lung at the time of diagnosis. The gene discussed is MPPE1; the disease is neoplasm.