IL9 and Cirrhosis: In cirrhosis, the inflammatory system features increased concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and various other pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TGF-β, interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-9 (IL-9), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and chemokines like CXCL8/CXCL1 and CCL2, all of which contribute to endothelial damage [26].