The mechanism by which tumor-derived GCSF significantly increases the metastasis-promoting activity of neutrophils via the PI3K-AKT and NF-κB pathways and activates the GCSF-RLN2-MMP-9 axis was recently reported in an analysis of tumor tissue from 20 breast cancer patients in 2023 [23]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to neoplasm.