Treatment with the synbiotic chitin–glucan at 1.5 g/d and L. acidophilus NCFM at 109 CFU significantly reduced the intensity of the macroscopic colonic lesions by 35% (2.4 ± 0.4 vs. 3.7 ± 0.5, p < 0.05), characterized by less than five aphtoid lesions without hyperemia and colon wall thickening, and by a 49% reduction in the colonic MPO concentrations (205 ± 29 vs. 406 ± 64, p < 0.01) compared to rats with colitis receiving tap water (Figure 3A,B). The gene discussed is MPO; the disease is colitis.