They revealed more CD3+ T cells in the nerves of patients with DM, a lack of membrane-spanning 4-domains A1 (MS4A1/CD20)+ B cells, and an excess of CD68 molecule (CD68)+ macrophages, with increased reactivity in the peripheral nerves to TNF-α and IL-6 receptors, and to a lesser extent to IL-1β and IL-1α [22,83]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and diabetes mellitus.