Juglanin has been proved to affect directly or indirectly a number of functional proteins like Nrf2, STING, NF-κB, SIRT1, AMPK, AKT, MAPK, JAK, NLRP3, TGF- β1, or KLF-2, among others, and thus have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, anti-thrombotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-osteoporotic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and anti-apoptotic (or in case of cancer cells, pro-apoptotic) effects (Figure 9). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is cancer.