TP53 and neoplasm: Notably, similar to what we had shown previously with the progestin depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) [15], vitamin D treatment not only prevented neoplasia but significantly eradicated the early, histologically normal-appearing secretory cells harboring inactivated p53, targeting the earliest putative transformative event in the fallopian tube and thus ovarian carcinogenesis.