Nam et al. [89], in a retrospective cohort study of 2089 patients with non-dialysis CKD, revealed that higher FGF23 levels are correlated with an increased risk of anemia, while Mehta et al. [90], in a prospective cohort study of 3869 individuals with mild to severe CKD, also noticed that higher levels of baseline FGF23 were strongly and monotonically associated with prevalent anemia. The gene discussed is FGF23; the disease is anemia (phenotype).