A recent phase I clinical trial (NCT03726515) revealed that the combination of EGFRvIII-CAR-T-cell therapy with anti-PD-1 therapy, pembrolizumab, did not provide clinical benefit for newly diagnosed and EGFRvIII+ GBM patients (mOS, 11.8 months; mPFS, 5.2 months), although the combination strategy was well tolerated in patients [235]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and glioblastoma.