Exosomes from human umbilical cord-derived MSCs reduced serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and repaired injured liver tissue in an acute liver failure mouse model by reducing TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its downstream inflammatory factors, including caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-6 [68]. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is acute liver failure.