VEGFA and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: However, in the case of the cells of visceral provenance, both obesity and metabolic syndrome led to a greater concentration of VEGF in the medium (+48% for visObese (−) vs. visLean, p < 0.05, and +123% and +51% for visObese (+) vs. visLean and visObese (+) vs. visObese (−), p < 0.05; Figure 3F).