Patients with ALS exhibit TDP-43 inclusions with loss of motor neurons in the hypoglossal nucleus, cervical spinal cord anterior horn, and cervical anterior nerve roots (Dickson et al., 2007; Brettschneider et al., 2014; Mori et al., 2014; Halliday et al., 2016; Nakamura-Shindo et al., 2020). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.